105 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
105 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
# OpenOCD and STLink
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OpenOCD (**Open O**n **C**hip **D**ebugger) is an open source tool that interfaces with many SWD/JTAG debugger to provide debugging and *in-system* programming for embedded target devices.
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OpenOCD supports the **NRF52** (the CPU of the PineTime) and the **STLinkV2**, a cheap SWD debugger.
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OpenOCD works on X86 computers, ARM/ARM64 computers, and SBCs (like the RaspberryPi and Pine64 Pinebook Pro)!
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## Installation
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We will build OpenOCD from sources, as packages from Linux distributions are most of the time outdated and do not support the NRF52 properly.
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- Fetch the sources from GIT, and build and install it:
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```
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git clone https://git.code.sf.net/p/openocd/code openocd-code
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cd openocd-code
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./bootstrap
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./configure --enable-stlink
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make -j 4
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sudo make install
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```
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- Configure UDEV to allow OpenOCD to open the interface to your STLinkV2:
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```
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sudo cp contrib/60-openocd.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/
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sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
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```
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- You can now plug your STLinkV2 into a USB port and run OpenOCD to see if it's working correctly:
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```
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$ openocd -f interface/stlink.cfg -f target/nrf52.cfg
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Open On-Chip Debugger 0.10.0+dev-01411-g051e80812-dirty (2020-09-28-20:16)
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Licensed under GNU GPL v2
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For bug reports, read
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http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
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Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "hla_swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.
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Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
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nRF52 device has a CTRL-AP dedicated to recover the device from AP lock.
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A high level adapter (like a ST-Link) you are currently using cannot access
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the CTRL-AP so 'nrf52_recover' command will not work.
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Do not enable UICR APPROTECT.
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Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connections
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Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections
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Info : clock speed 1000 kHz
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Info : STLINK V2J34S7 (API v2) VID:PID 0483:3748
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Info : Target voltage: 3.294340
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Error: init mode failed (unable to connect to the target)
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```
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Ok, OpenOCD is running and it detects my STLinkV2. The last error shows that I've not connected the STLinkV2 to the PineTime.
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## Configuration files
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OpenOCD is configured using configuration files.
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First, we need a common configuration file for the project : **openocd-stlink.ocd**:
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```
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source [find interface/stlink.cfg]
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gdb_flash_program enable
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gdb_breakpoint_override hard
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source [find target/nrf52.cfg]
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```
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This file specifies to OpenOCD which debugger and target it will be connected to.
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Then, we use various *user files* to use OpenOCD to flash InfiniTime binary files.
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This files flashes the bootloader and the application firmware : **flash_bootloader_app.ocd**:
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```
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init
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program <build directory>/bootloader.bin verify 0x00000000
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program <build directory>/image-0.8.2.bin verify 0x00008000
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reset
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```
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And this one flashes the graphics flasher (it writes the bootloader graphics into the SPI NOR flash memory) : **flash_graphics.ocd**:
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```
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init
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program <build directory>/pinetime-graphics-0.8.2.bin verify 0x00000000
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reset
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```
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## Examples
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### Flash bootloader and application
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```
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openocd -f ./openocd-stlink.ocd -f ./flash_bootloader_app.ocd
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```
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### Flash graphics flasher
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```
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openocd -f ./openocd-stlink.ocd -f ./flash_graphics.ocd
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```
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## Connect the STLinkV2 to the PineTime
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Here is an example using the pogo pins:
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You can find more information about the SWD wiring [on the wiki](https://wiki.pine64.org/index.php?title=PineTime_devkit_wiring).
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